Проректор Університету з наукової роботи, професор кафедри екологічної безпеки, доктор технічних наук, професор, полковник служби цивільного захисту https://sci.ldubgd.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/3877 2026-04-04T21:56:05Z 2026-04-04T21:56:05Z Скробала, Віктор Попович, Василь Васильович Копилов, Віктор Павлович Копистинський, Юрій Олегович https://sci.ldubgd.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/17456 2026-02-25T12:06:25Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Heavy metals distribution in water and soil of the coastal zone of the Styr River (Ukraine) and its tributaries Authors: Скробала, Віктор; Попович, Василь Васильович; Копилов, Віктор Павлович; Копистинський, Юрій Олегович Abstract: Investigation of the peculiarities of chemical contamination of water and soil in the coastal zone of the river Styr and its tributaries in relation to the distance from the source of pollution and the type of landscape, analysis of the general trends in the distribution of chemical elements in comparison with the control site. Statistical processing of parameters of chemical contamination of water and soil; data mining methods; correlation analysis; assessment of ecotope similarity and grouping of chemical elements based on cluster analysis; multidimensional ordination of ecotopes in the space of geochemical parameters based on Principal Component Analysis. Chemical contamination of water and soil in the coastal zone of the Styr River and its tributaries is characterised by significant heterogeneity. The main feature of the increasing intensity of anthropogenic load on the aquatic environment is associated with an increase of Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn content compared to the natural background. The intensity of soil pollution in the coastal zone of the Styr River and its tributaries mainly depends on the presence of Cu, Cd and Ni. The analysis of the relationship between chemical elements concentrations indicates a strong dependence between many parameters. Based on the similarity of chemical elements in terms of their distribution in the water of the river Styr and its tributaries, 4 associations (groups) were identified: I – Cu, Mn; II – Zn, Pb; III – Cd, Cr, Sr; IV – Co, Ni. For the soils in the coastal zone, 3 associations (groups) of chemical elements were identified: I – Cu, Cd; II – Zn, Mn; III – Cr, Co, Ni, Pb. Three groups of sites of the Styr River and its tributaries were identified according to the pollution rate of water and soils of the coastal zone with heavy metals. The multidimensional ordination of the ecotopes of the Styr River and its tributaries on the axes of complex geochemical environmental gradients reflects the gradients of water and soil pollution in the coastal zone compared to the control areas. Geochemical information visualisation based on two-dimensional diagrams with chemical element concentrations or complex environmental gradients as axes can be used to predict the dynamics of ecosystem components as a result of changes in chemical pollution. The practical relevance of the obtained results is that forecasting of dynamic trends, protection and restoration of ecosystem components is impossible without taking into account their interrelationships with environmental conditions, including chemical pollution. Knowing the geochemical conditions of ecotopes in a certain period of time, it is possible to determine their position in the ecological space on the complex gradients of the environment of the Styr river and its tributaries, to predict the stability and possible changes in vegetation, fauna and microflora caused by environmental pollution.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Король, Катерина Анатоліївна Бойко, Тарас Володимирович Кобко, Євген Тимчишин, Андрій Рубан, Артем Попович, Василь Васильович Ільків, Богдан Шуплат, Тарас Ігорович https://sci.ldubgd.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/17455 2026-02-25T12:01:45Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Evaluation of the ecological state and phytomeliorative efficiency of vegetation at landfills Authors: Король, Катерина Анатоліївна; Бойко, Тарас Володимирович; Кобко, Євген; Тимчишин, Андрій; Рубан, Артем; Попович, Василь Васильович; Ільків, Богдан; Шуплат, Тарас Ігорович Abstract: Phytomeliorative efficiency of vegetation species composition on devastated landscapes, including landfills, is a key factor in improving the ecological state at both local and regional levels. This article presents results of assessing heavy metal content and phytomelioration potential of vegetation cover on devastated areas, particularly at the Bronytsia landfill (Lviv region, Ukraine). Depending on the edaphic and climatic conditions, the surface of the devastated territories may have significant phytomeliorative potential, which is an important component of the reclamation process. Urban green spaces play a multifunctional role in improving the environment by providing oxygen production, microclimate regulation, filtration, noise absorption, and decorative and aesthetic functions. The key indicator for assessing the level of phytomelioration in devastated areas is the phytomelioration efficiency coefficient (KFM). During the research at the landfill, various categories of plant communities were identified, such as frutocenoses, sylvacenoses, ruderalenoses, pratocenoses, and agrocenoses. The KFM estimation for each landfill site showed the following results: Site 1 (western side): KFM = 4.5; Site 2 (northern side): KFM = 4.0; Site 3 (eastern side): KFM = 5.0; Site 4 (southern side): KFM = 5.5; Site No. 5 (central part): KFM = 2.1; Site 6 (control): KFM = 6.55. The results obtained indicate the suitability of the study area for reclamation activities for minimizing the negative impact on the environment.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Попович, Василь Васильович Коваль, Володимир Віталійович https://sci.ldubgd.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/17454 2026-02-25T11:55:17Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: РОЗРОБКА ПРОГРАМИ «ЦИВІЛЬНИЙ ЗАХИСТ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ» Authors: Попович, Василь Васильович; Коваль, Володимир Віталійович

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Лисий, Роман Романович Гелеш, Андрій Попович, Василь Васильович Саїк, Павло Дмитрук, Олена https://sci.ldubgd.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/17453 2026-02-25T10:24:51Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Thermodynamic research of coal mining waste gasification processes Authors: Лисий, Роман Романович; Гелеш, Андрій; Попович, Василь Васильович; Саїк, Павло; Дмитрук, Олена Abstract: Purpose. Research aims to study the thermodynamic patterns of coal mining waste gasification process and the formation of a theoretical basis for carbon conversion processes with the production of synthesis gas with a high hydrogen content. Methods. Thermodynamic calculations are based on the main carbon conversion reactions in the temperature range of 500-1100°C and pressures of 1-10 atm. To assess the probability of the flow of processes, the values of Gibbs energy, equilibrium constants and equilibrium conversion degree were determined, which made it possible to predict the composition of the gas phase and determine the optimal gasification conditions. The method of least squares was used to ap-proximate the obtained dependences. Findings. It has been determined that coal mining waste dumps pose a significant source of environmental hazard, since they lead to pollution of soil, water resources and atmospheric air. Traditional methods of utilization focus mainly on localization, but do not provide complete neutralization of harmful components. The conducted thermodynamic calculations confirmed the expediency of using the gasification process, which is effective at temperatures above 860°C. The autothermal nature of this process is achieved through the partial oxidation of carbon to carbon monoxide (CO), which compensates for heat loss. It has been found that increasing pressure reduces the equilibrium degree of carbon conversion. The obtained thermodynamic dependences make it possible to predict the composition of synthesis gas and, subsequently, to assess the prospects for the implementation of technologies for complex recycling of coal mining waste. Originality. For the first time, a comprehensive thermodynamic assessment of coal mining waste gasification reactions has been conducted, and thermodynamic dependences of Gibbs energy change, equilibrium constants, and equilibrium conversion degree have been obtained over a wide range of temperatures and pressures. This made it possible to determine the optimal conditions for the process flow and confirm its technological feasibility at temperatures above 860°C. Practical implications. The results of the research form a theoretical basis for creating effective technologies for complex recycling of coal mining waste to produce synthesis gas, which can serve as a promising energy source, ensuring compliance with modern principles of sustainable development and rational nature management.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z