Назви родів занять в українських перекладах Біблії ХIХ–ХХ століть: семантико-культурологічний аспект

Abstract

The semantic analysis of the thematic group «the names of occupations» in the Ukrainian translations of the Bible of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (P. Morachevsky; P. Kulish, I. Puluj, I. Nechuy-Levytsky; I. Ogienko; I. Khomenko; R. Turkonyaka) traces their culturological component. The selected thematic group we have come across in the Bible includes: worker, reaper, shepherd, cattle breeder, guard, keeper, judge, supervisor, carpenter, bricklayer, stonemason, woodcutter, artist, stone builder, servant, slave etc.). The subject group considered in the Ukrainian translations of the Bible is not entirely upright. We observe synonymous rows in relation to the designation of separate classes of occupations, in particular sheep breeding: shepherd, cattle breeder, herdsman, supervisor, keeper, of which some are conditioned by the time frame (like shepherd), while the others are guardians. Besides, among other names of genera classes are characterized by synonymic relations: mason – stone cutter – stone builder; carpenter – woodcutter ‒ wood craftsman; slave ‒ bondsman – captive reflecting the creative search for the authors of the translation and the process of valuing the lexical system of the Ukrainian literary language.