ГРАМАТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ХУДОЖНЬОГО ПЕРЕКЛАДУ (НА МАТЕРІАЛІ ОПОВІДАННЯ C. МOЕМА «ДРУГ У БІДІ»)

Abstract

The process of translation is not a simple replacement of units of one language with units of another language. One of the techniques that help the translator is transformations. Translational transformations (substitutions) occur due to the incomplete commonality or difference between the English and Ukrainian languages. The commonality between the grammatical properties of the Ukrainian and English languages is determined by their common belonging to the Indo-European family and is manifested in the presence of common grammatical meanings, categories and functions, for example: number category for nouns, category of degrees of comparison for adjectives, tense category for verbs, etc. At the same time, the difference in the principles of grammatical order, which is expressed in the belonging of these languages to different grammatical groups, is reflected in significant differences between grammatical properties, for example, in the existence of dissimilar grammatical categories: articles in English, adverbs in Ukrainian; fixed word order in English; etc. The works of art translation involves not only overcoming the difference in the grammatical structure of two unrelated languages – Ukrainian and English, but also the adequate reproduction of the author’s idiostyle. In the Ukrainian translation of the famous British writer S. Maugham’s story “A Friend in Trouble”, Volodymyr Romanchuk uses grammatical transformations due to the genre-stylistic features of the English sentence and the desire to adequately convey the stylistic features of the original. The main task of the translator is to reproduce the semantic and emotional load of the source text using the Ukrainian language. The conducted analysis showed that in most cases, in order to achieve adequacy, the Ukrainian translation is carried out using such grammatical transformations as replacement (46%), sentence segmentation (12%), combining sentences (10%), changing the order of words (2%), changing the sequence of parts of a complex sentence (2%), adding (16%), omitting (12%).