COPING WITH LEXICAL GAPS: STRATEGIC HANDLING OF NON-EQUIVALENT ITEMS

Abstract

The article addresses the challenge of non-equivalent vocabulary, which stands as one of the key issues in contempo rary translation studies. In an era characterized by rapid globalization, intense intercultural exchange, and advancements in information technology, the role of language mediation is becoming increasingly vital. Translation is evolving beyond a mere tool for conveying information between languages; it has become a crucial aspect of intercultural communication, essential for preserving the semantic, stylistic, and cultural nuances of the original text. The translation of non-equivalent vocabulary – linguistic units that lack a precise equivalent in the target language due to their strong ties to specific national and cultural contexts – presents particular difficulties. These lexemes often encapsulate unique elements of both material and spiritual culture, ethnic realities, traditions, daily life, and the historical experiences of distinct linguistic communities. The article delves into the interpretation of the term “non-equivalent vocabulary” and examines the functional role of such units within text structures, alongside potential translation strategies that vary according to the genre and pragmatic char acteristics of the original work. Special attention is given to literary translation, where even minor lexical nuances carry significant weight. In such cases, conveying non-equivalent units requires not only linguistic proficiency but also cultural competence. The study emphasizes that the successful rendering of these elements is essential for the authenticity and expressiveness of translated works. It also touches upon the role of translator creativity and adaptability in navigating lexical gaps. Ultimately, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of how language operates in cross-cultural contexts and highlights the evolving role of the translator as a cultural mediator.