The content of heavy metals, radionuclides and nitrates in the fruiting bodies of oyster mushroom distributed within the urban ecosystem

Abstract

The content of heavy metals, radionuclides, nitrates in edible mushrooms is a topical issue for many researchers in the world. However, such issues on edible mushrooms, in particular, Pleurotus ostreatus, which are found naturally within a large city, require more detailed studies because these mushrooms are used in human nutrition. It was found that in some areas, the cadmium content in the studied oyster mushroom specimens is three times higher than the maximum permissible concentration (0.092-0.095 mg / kg). The lead content in the fruiting bodies of oyster mushroom is in the range of maximum permissible concentration (MPC) and is 0.19-0.22 mg / kg. The content of mobile forms of copper exceeded the MPC only in two cases - 5.72 mg / kg and 5.06 mg / kg. The zinc content was 8.87-13.41 mg / kg with MPC being 10 mg / kg. The content of 137Cs was in the range of 0.095-0.1 Bq / kg and that of 90Sr was 0.3-0.4 Bq / kg, which does not exceed the MPC. The content of nitrates in the fruiting bodies of oyster mushrooms did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration of 50 mg / kg. Considering the data obtained on the content of heavy metals, radionuclides and nitrates in Pleurotus ostreatus, it should be noted that it is risky to eat such fruiting bodies that have developed in the urban-ecological environment.