A medical drug based on fipronil, dinotefuran, and pyriproxyfen for treatment of ectoparasitic infestations of dogs and cats

Abstract

Ectoparasitic infestations of animals are usually treated with drugs based on fipronil, dinotefuran, and pyriproxyfen. That is why, our objective was conducting a field study to assess the efficacy of the drug Profiline Vector (solution for topical use, spot on application), comparing it with the reference drugs Massive Action Dog Spot-On (drops for topical use, spot-on) and Massive Action Cat Spot-On (drops for topical use, spot-on application) employed against ectoparasite infestations of dogs and cats of different breeds, age, sex, and live body mass. The conducted parasitological studies of the dogs of the experimental and control groups revealed parasitism by the following species: Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans fleas, with the infestation intensity of 32 to 126 ectoparasites per animal, with an average of 76.9 ± 7.4 parasites per animal; Trichodectes canis chewing louse, with the infestation intensity of 7 to 40 ectoparasites per 100 cm2 of the body surface, with an average of 22.4 ± 3.1 parasites per 100 cm2 of the body surface; and ticks of the Ixodidae family (Dermacentor spp., Ixodes spp., Rhipicephalus sanguineus), with the tick count of 3 to 13 ectoparasite ticks, accounting on average for 7.4 ± 0.8 ticks per animal. Based on the obtained results, we determined that at the 12th hour after treatment of the dogs with Profiline Vector, its efficacy against flea infestation accounted for 91.2%, and that of the reference drug Massive Action Dog Spot-On was 90.6%. At the 24th hour, the success rate of both drugs was 100%. The efficacy of the tested drug Profiline Vector against Trichodectidae infestation of the dogs accounted for 90.9% on day 7, compared with the 89.9% efficacy produced by the reference drug Massive Action Dog Spot-On; and on days 14 and 21, the efficacy of both drugs equaled 100%. According to the acarological studies, 24 hours after treatment of the dogs with Profiline Vector, its success rate against Ixodidae infestation was 83.3%, compared with 81.6% efficacy exhibited by the reference drug Massive Action Dog Spot-On; at 48th an 72nd hours, both drugs produced 100% efficacy. In the cats of the experimental and control groups, the conducted clinical examination and parasitologic study revealed parasitism by species such as: Ctenocephalides felis and Pulex irritans fleas, with the parasite count of 20 to 84 ectoparasite insects per animal, with an average of 53.9 ± 5.3 ectoparasites per animal; the eat mite Otodectos cynotis, with the intensity of 5 to 16 mites on the surface of the auricle of the animal, and an average infestation intensity of 8.9 ± 0.9 mites per animal. At the 24th hour, Profiline Vector demonstrated 92.1% success rate against flea infestation, compared with 91.2% exhibited by Massive Action Cats Spot-On; at the 48th hour, both drugs were 100 % effective. According to the acarological studies of the cats, Profiline Vector exerted 84.4% efficacy against Otodectes infestation on day 7, compared with 83.3% efficacy produced by the reference drug Massive Action Cat Spot-On; on days 14 and 21, the effectiveness of both drugs was 100%. The field trials revealed that the tested drug Profiline Vector applied to the skin of the dogs and cats using the spot-on method in doses recommended by manufacturer was well tole rated by the animals regardless of the breed, age, sex, and body mass, and caused no toxic effect on their organisms, while pro viding a consistent high efficacy against ectoparasitic infestations.