ANALYSIS OF REASONS OCCURRENCE OF DANGEROUS SITUATIONS DURING THE OPERATION OF GAS STATIONS

Abstract

Purpose. To identify the level of risk of dangerous events occurring at gas stations. Materials and methods. To assess the risks of hazardous events at petrol stations, the "HAZOP" method and the "FMEA" method were chosen because they are well combined with each other and allow detailing each stage of the production process to identify hazards and the performance of the system, which is carried out by a specially selected team of five expert specialists. Results. A risk management procedure at gas stations has been developed based on a combination of the "HAZOP" and "FMEA" methods, which allows to assume of the emergence of a possible scenario for the development of a dangerous event by keywords, as well as to assess the magnitude of priority risk, based on the possibility of detecting the occurrence of a discrepancy or threat. Four main scenarios of the occurrence of a dangerous event due to the inconsistency of the technical component of gas stations and the presence of errors and dangerous actions of operators are analysed. It has been established that the highest level of risk of a dangerous event – an explosion and fire at a gas station can occur due to leakage of connections and the accumulation of gasoline vapours in the ispensers. Originality lies in the establishment of the relationship between different methods of risk assessment, which allows to determine the most probable scenario for the development of a dangerous event through a combination of various dangerous factors. Practical value. Recommendations have been developed to reduce the probability of occurrence of a dangerous event of explosion and fire at a gas station due to the development of an improved risk management process based on a combination of well-known methods.